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@deirdre So you think the pictures were possibly taken at an airshow, and used for a hoax later on? Wow, sorry but your brain-juggling is fantastic. ;) Or am I missing your point..

Well, some here have found more difficult things based on only a photo. :) I'm not saying I think it can be found though. Not because it is hard, but because I believe it does not exist.

Don't we also still have to find the lake with the specifically shaped island? If it was a rowing boat, it cannot be a puddle anymore. Where is this lake?

Just for the record, a perfect black body does not exist, but some come close (99.9%). Therefore some photons still get scattered by the black body surface. Also one can still expect some radiation coming from it, probably LW IR.

In optical labs solid body diffuse reflectance standards are used. The best (most used) ones are from Labsphere, which is a company that makes a plastic material called "spectralon" that is made from "sintered PTFE", a very open structure wherein the light can bounce around and at the same time...

It's because of the refractive index gradient of the air column. Like with GRIN lenses, same thing. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradient-index_optics#/media/File:Grin-lens.png

The CCD is essentially also separating colour bands, but just with greater bandwidth (RGB). A good and nicely resolving spectrometer, like a hyper-spectral imager is great to have but perhaps they cannot afford it. My "theory" is that this group is out of funding, because of the war. So, why...

Yup, we can exclude a plane.

Glad you enjoy the more in depth optics! :) There is more.. ;) Another great resource and informative place is dpreview.

I was referring to Depth of Focus, as indeed the phone cam does focus. The F/# (and focal length) determines the DoF, and in a mobile phone, the aperture is fixed and thus also the DoF. To be able to "mimic" the DoF of a proper SLR cam, modern OS software does this in the image, and real time...

Well at this point it can be anything. Maybe it was Nessie on holiday.

Very good argument against the reflection theory.

I sold my old and trusty analog Praktica about 27 years ago. EDIT: I gave it away to a guy living in Afrika. EDIT2: To be exact, I mean that if the model is very close to the camera, this would be the case. Of course, when all subjects are rather distant, this effect is much less. EDIT3: I...

Of course I understand pareidolia is powerful and a very subjective issue. The part of the oar in the water could even be a shadow on the water coming from the person. But stil, like you, my initial thought was plane.. :) We will probably never know. Unless more (photo's, witnesses) will surface..

I am really not sure if one is able to get everything in focus from close to infinite (±clouds). I have played with this stuff a lot years ago and remember very well that (if you do not have a tripod) low light conditions are tricky. This, as you need to open up the iris, but this creates...

I don't see it, sorry. It looks like a plane to me.

The blimp idea was my thought as well, a while ago. I think I posted it somewhere (can't be bothered to look for it). But why not? It is as much plausible as any other idea at this point. Can a ship like this "carry" large panels? Sure, if light enough. And also, it has this stealthy shape to...

I am convinced it can be done this way (reflection), but still, the perfect mirror like surface is striking. I know we have seen example images here that show "mirror like" surfaces, but just not quite as good. The original Calvine photo has a very well reflected cloud formation (i.e. not much...

I see it too, @Easy Muffin. Faint. but it is there.

My impression on that is (see below), that the area around 1 looks more as stones in the water near the shore of a loch/wet area", whereas the area around 2 looks more like hill tops of mountains.. Tricky, all this.